Novel insulin receptor substrate 1 and 2 variants in breast and colorectal cancer

The insulin/insulin-like growth factor pathway is involved in breast and colorectal cancer (CRC) development. In the present study, we analyzed the coding region and short intron-exon borders of the insulin receptor substrate 1 and 2 (IRS‐1 and IRS‐2) genes in 12 cell lines derived from breast cancer (BC), 14 cell lines derived from CRC and 33 primary CRCs. The nucleotide variants identified in BC were 3 in IRS‐1, 1 of which (p.Arg267Cys) was novel and with a pathogenic potential as predicted by in silico analysis and 6 in IRS-2. Twenty‐one variants in IRS‐1 and 18 in IRS‐2 were identified in the CRC samples. These included 11 novel IRS-1 variants detected exclusively in CRCs, which included 5 missense (p.Pro559Leu, p.Gln655His, p.Asp1014Gly, p.Asp1181His and pPro1203Ser) with a pathogenic potential as predicted by in silico analysis, 2 frameshifts predicted to generate a trun- cated protein, 1 splice-site mutation and 3 silent variants. In the CRC samples we also identified 7 novel IRS‐2 variants, including 4 missense variants, which included 2 (p.Asp782Asn and p.Gly1230Ser) with a pathogenic potential as predicted by in silico analysis, 2 frame insertion mutations and 1 silent variant. Most of the novel IRS-1 and IRS-2 variants may be involved in the modulation of IRS-1 or IRS-2 functions and could be relevant to breast and colorectal tumorigenesis.