The Concept of "Rural" as a Micro- Collectivity. The Concept of "Rural" in the Italian Sociological Perspective (El Concepto de “Rural” como Micro- Colectividad. El Concepto de “Rural” en la Perspectiva Sociológica Italiana)

The intention of this work is to analyze, in the years of the sociological study (from the period after the Italian unity to the present), the concept of rurality through the contexts of reference on the subjects that have marked a period of "project" and emancipation, and, above all, a marginal growth rate that made the fortunes of Western society at the expense of the other parts of the same society. To achieve this, the themes of the Relation city/field and the concept of community as a field of rational action in the interior of the social Arena (Bourdieu) in which the social individualism is unfolds; Concluding with the historical antecedents – despite the brevity of the Italian scholars, together with the most representative associated institutes from the earliest interests in this field to the most recent studies.