Phytochemistry of the Genus Trichocolea

The genus Trichocolea (Fam. Trichocoleaceae) comprise 31 species of liverworts, most of which are endemic in a wide geographical area of the southern Pacific Ocean including New Zealand, Tasmania, and South Australia. Although few reports have been reported on the phytochemistry and pharmacognosy of these briophytes, data reported so far show a great pharmacological potential for their secondary metabolites. Phytochemicals isolated from Trichocolea spp. include benzoate esters, flavonoids, and diterpenes. The reported biological activities of these natural compounds refer to cancer cells growth inhibitory, antibacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-oxidant effects. The aim of this short review is to examine in detail from a phytochemical and pharmacological point of view what is reported in the current literature about the properties of phytopreparations or individual chemicals obtained from liverworts belonging to the Trichocolea genus.