Objective: To evaluate the effect of periodontitis (PD) on glucoregulatory hormones in obesity, never explored so far, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 110 severely obese, non-diabetic individuals. Methods: We collected clinical periodontal parameters, including probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment level (CAL). Insulin, glucagon, GLP-1 and GIP were measured after 3 days of standardized diet. Results: Forty-seven subjects had periodontitis (PD+) and 63 did not (PD−). PD+ showed 30.3% of gingival sites with PPD > 4 mm, 55.2% of BOP sites and a mean CAL loss of 4.1 mm. Compared with PD−, PD+ had higher glucagon (26.60 [25.22] vs 3.93 [7.50] ng/l, p < 0.0001) and GIP levels (10.56 [13.30] vs 6.43 [8.43] pmol/l, p < 0.001), while GLP-1 was reduced (11.78 [10.07] vs 23.34 [16.80] pmol/l, p < 0.0001). Insulin did not differ. In PD+, after adjustment for confounders, PPD was positively related to glucagon (β = 0.424, p = 0.002) and inversely to GLP-1 (β = −0.159, p = 0.044). Conclusions: We describe for the first time an impaired incretin axis coupled with a relative hyperglucagonemia in obese non-diabetic individuals with PD, that might contribute to deteriorate their glucose tolerance and partially explain the higher risk of diabetes observed in these patients.

Periodontitis affects glucoregulatory hormones in severely obese individuals

Morena Petrini;
2019-01-01

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effect of periodontitis (PD) on glucoregulatory hormones in obesity, never explored so far, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 110 severely obese, non-diabetic individuals. Methods: We collected clinical periodontal parameters, including probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment level (CAL). Insulin, glucagon, GLP-1 and GIP were measured after 3 days of standardized diet. Results: Forty-seven subjects had periodontitis (PD+) and 63 did not (PD−). PD+ showed 30.3% of gingival sites with PPD > 4 mm, 55.2% of BOP sites and a mean CAL loss of 4.1 mm. Compared with PD−, PD+ had higher glucagon (26.60 [25.22] vs 3.93 [7.50] ng/l, p < 0.0001) and GIP levels (10.56 [13.30] vs 6.43 [8.43] pmol/l, p < 0.001), while GLP-1 was reduced (11.78 [10.07] vs 23.34 [16.80] pmol/l, p < 0.0001). Insulin did not differ. In PD+, after adjustment for confounders, PPD was positively related to glucagon (β = 0.424, p = 0.002) and inversely to GLP-1 (β = −0.159, p = 0.044). Conclusions: We describe for the first time an impaired incretin axis coupled with a relative hyperglucagonemia in obese non-diabetic individuals with PD, that might contribute to deteriorate their glucose tolerance and partially explain the higher risk of diabetes observed in these patients.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11564/746469
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