Il destino del cardinal Filomarino. Dibattito sulla rivolta, conclave e peste negli anni del viceré Castrillo (1653-1658)

One of the many tasks that the Count of Castrillo, who arrived in Naples in 1653, inherited from the previous Viceroy, Count of Oñate, was that of concluding the intricate issue that concerned the Cardinal and Archbishop Ascanio Filomarino. This prelate, who had been already accused of infidelity to his legitimate sovereign during the so-called revolt of Masaniello, had given rise to various kinds of clashes (political, jurisdictional, religious, ceremonial) during the government of the Count of Oñate, but the latter had not succeeded in obtaining his removal from Naples. The article aims to reconstruct the evolution of this situation during the government of the Count of Castrillo, when the debate about the responsibilities of the uprising and the actions of Filomarino were intertwined with the demands of the Spanish Monarchy’s international policy and with two events of central importance: the conclave of 1655 and the plague of 1656-1658.