Total quality management implementation in higher education settings. A systematic review.

The present study was conducted to identify a new set of total quality management practices used in higher education institutions. To achieve this goal, a systematic literature review was performed. The research strategy was applied to studies published between 2000 and 2020, and 40 papers were selected through screening and review based on the purposes of this paper. Six Total Quality Management practices were identified for implementation in higher education institutions, i.e., top management, human resources, customer focus, benchmarking, continuous improvement and process management.