Minimally obtrusive measurement devices for monitoring of cardiovascular parameters — An overview

Measurements in clinical settings of cardiovascular parameters often require usage of adhesive electrodes. Therefore clinical measurement methods are hardly applicable for long-term ambulatory monitoring scenarios, since typically trained medical staff is needed e.g. to place electrodes correctly, this compromising patient comfort and generally are difficult to handle by a patient himself as often needed. An overview of emerging, alternative technologies to monitor these parameters in ambulatory context are presented. © 2014 IEEE.