Technological innovation in the conservation of architectural and historical heritage: digital twins for the preservation of Marrakech’s fortification

Marrakech’s architectural heritage, characterized by traditional rammed-earth buildings, is of great cultural and historical value. However, many of these structures are now severely compromised by the action of time, which is gradually undermining their physical stability and visual value. The present study aims to investigate viable solutions to this issue, specifically focusing on mapping and surveying the gates of Marrakech, key components of the defensive walls that surround the historic medina and testify to its strategic importance. The goal of the project is the development of a predictive conservation methodology, based on the use of digital twins, through which targeted restoration and preservation interventions can be designed and planned, thus fostering heritage transmission in a sustainable and scientifically sound manner. The detailed mapping and creation of computerized three-dimensional models can provide a precise and complete understanding of the state of the structures and allow their preservation to be constantly monitored and managed.