Anti-Inflammatory effect of the Saffron Stigma and Saffron Petal Extract on LPS stimulated human Caco-2 cell by transductional signal modulation of FBW7/IKBα

Although the progression of IBD therapy is controlled with chemical drugs and biological therapies, healing results cannot yet be achieved, along with the inevi-table side effects. As a result, a variety of research have focused on exploring novel therapies and found that natural products can serve as promising therapeutic agents for IBD through their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect. Recently, the chemi-cal constituents of the main saffron processing bio-product, the petals of C. sativus, have attracted the attention of researchers. We compare the anti-inflammatory effect of the Saffron Stigma Extract (SSE), Saffon Petal Extract (SPE) and Petals/Stigma Extract (SPE/SSE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human Caco-2 cell mon-olayers by analyzing FBW7/ signaling IkBα, upstream of the activation of inducible molecules such as iNOS and COX-2. The results of this study provide further sup-port for the possible use of SPE in medicine, raising awareness of the potential of the waste product generated in the production of the saffron spice. Compared to the SPE/SSE is not able to attenuate the pro-inflammatory response, and further investigations should be undertaken to understand what kind of negative interaction is triggered between the two components of the spice.