Fault Throw Evolution Across Multiple Time Scales in the Aremogna–Cinque Miglia Fault System (Italy)

The Aremogna–Cinque Miglia Fault System (ACMFS), in the Central Apennines (Italy), is an exceptionally well-preserved active normal fault system that offers key insights into long-term fault evolution. This study combines geological, geomorphological, and paleoseismological data to quantify displacements over three timescales: long-term (~1-2 Myr), mid-term (post-Last Glacial Maximum, ~18 kyr), and short-term (recent paleoearthquakes). Analyses of topography, geological sections, and fault scarps reveal cumulative throws up to ~1500 m in the Aremogna sector and ~1000 m in the Cinque Miglia sector. Post-LGM offsets reach ~20 m, mainly along Cinque Miglia faults, while trench data show coseismic displacements up to 0.8 m. The similarity between long- and mid-term profiles suggests that the ACMFS has acted as an integrated system through multiple seismic cycles, now approaching complex linkage. Structural inheritance controls segmentation and displacement patterns. These results constrain fault growth and scaling, indicating potential earthquakes up to M6.5, with implications for regional seismic hazard.