Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) expression in human platelets: Impact on mediators and mechanisms of the inflammatory response

Inflammatory lung disease is a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF). Mechanisms of unresolved acute inflammation in CF are not completely known, although the involvement of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in nonrespiratory cells is emerging. Here we examined CFTR expression and function in human platelets (PLTs) and found that they express a biologically active CFTR. CFTR blockade gave an ~ 50 % reduction in lipoxin A4 (LXA4) formation during PLT/polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) coincubations by inhibiting the lipoxin synthase activity of PLT 12-lipoxygenase. PLTs from CF patients generated ~ 40% less LXA4 compared to healthy subject PLTs. CFTR inhibition increased PLT-dependent PMN viability (33.0 ± 5.7 % vs 61.2 ± 8.2 % (P = 0.033), suppressed nitric oxide generation (0.23 ± 0.04 vs 0.11 ± 0.002 pmoles/108 platelets; P = 0.004), while reducing AKT (1.02 ± 0.12 vs 0.71 ± 0.007 units; P = 0.04), and increasing p38 MAPK phosphorylation (0.650 ± 0.09 vs 1.04 ± 0.24 units; P = 0.03). Taken together, these findings indicate that PLTs from CF patients are affected by the molecular defect of CFTR. Moreover, this CF PLT abnormality may explain the failure of resolution in CF.