Static balance adaptations after neuromuscular electrical stimulation on quadriceps and lumbar paraspinal muscles in healthy elderly

Background: Strength training as neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is effective in counteracting age-related postural impairments in elderly. However, it remains unknown whether training different muscle groups would entail in different adaptations. Aim: To evaluate the effect of NMES training on balance function in healthy inactive elderly, targeting paravertebral muscles, in addition to thigh muscles. Methods: Eleven healthy elderly were trained with NMES for 8 week allocated to combined training (CT: quadriceps and lumbar paraspinal muscles) or to quadriceps training (QT), after completing lifestyle questionnaire and spine morphology measurements. Functional balance, static stabilometry, and isometric strength tests were assessed before and after the training period. Results and conclusion: The CT group showed a greater improve in static balance control, i.e., reducing the CEA of the CoP displacement from 99 ± 38 to 76 ± 42 mm2 (Cohen’s d = 0.947). Benefits for improving static balance through CT might be due to NMES training, which increases spinal stabilization.